Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association beginning in January 1944, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign.
The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a major part of the film industry's awards season, which culminates each year in the Academy Awards. The eligibility period for the Golden Globes corresponds to the calendar year (i.e. January 1 through December 31). The most recent ceremony, the 75th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film and television in 2017, was held on January 7, 2018. The next ceremony, the 76th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film and television in 2018, will be held on January 6, 2019.
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History
In 1943, a group of writers banded together to form the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, and by creating a generously distributed award called the Golden Globe Award, they now play a significant role in film marketing. The 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at various venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel, and the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel.
In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish a special honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as an international figure within the entertainment industry, the first award was presented to director and producer, Cecil B. DeMille. The official name of the award thus became the Cecil B. deMille Award.
Since 1963, the trophies are handed out by one or more "Miss Golden Globe", a title renamed in 2018 to "Golden Globe Ambassador". The position is traditionally held by the daughter or sometimes the son of a celebrity, and as a point of pride is often contested among celebrity parents.
In 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned (but not for the first time in its history). The New York firm Society Awards collaborated for a year with the Hollywood Foreign Press Association to produce a statuette that included a unique marble and enhanced the statuette's quality and gold content. It was unveiled at a press conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show.
Revenues generated from the annual ceremony have enabled the Hollywood Foreign Press Association to donate millions of dollars to entertainment-related charities, as well as funding scholarships and other programs for future film and television professionals. The most prominent beneficiary being the Young Artist Awards, presented annually by the Young Artist Foundation, established in 1978 by late Hollywood Foreign Press member, Maureen Dragone to recognize and award excellence of young Hollywood performers under the age of 21, and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically and/or financially challenged.
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Rules
Eligibility
The qualifying eligibility period for all nominations is the calendar year from January 1 through December 31.
Voice-over performances and cameo appearances in which persons play themselves are disqualified from all of the film and TV acting categories.
Films must be at least 70 minutes, and released for at least a seven-day run in the Greater Los Angeles area starting prior to midnight on December 31. Films can either be released in theaters, on pay-per-view, or digital delivery.
For the Best Foreign Language Film category, they do not need to be released in the United States. At least 51 percent of the dialogue must still be in a language other than English, and they must first be released in their country of origin during a 14-month period from November 1 to December 31 prior to the Awards. However, if a film was not released in its country of origin due to censorship, it can still qualify if it had a one-week release in the United States during the qualifying calendar year. There is no limit to the number of submitted films from a given country.
A TV program must air in the United States between the prime time hours of 8:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m (or 7:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m on Sundays). A show can air on broadcast television, basic or premium cable, or digital delivery; it does not qualify of it is only on pay-per-view or via digital delivery of film. Also, a TV show must either be made in the United States, or is a co-production financially and creatively between an American and a foreign production company. Furthermore, reality and non-scripted shows are disqualified.
For a television film, it cannot be entered in both the film and TV categories, and instead should be entered based on its original release format. If it was first aired on American television, then it can be entered into the TV categories. If it was released in theaters or on pay-per-view, then it should instead to be entered into the film categories. A film festival showing does not count towards disqualifying what would otherwise be a TV program.
Actors in a TV series must appear in at least six episodes during the qualifying calendar year. Actors in a TV film or miniseries must appear in at least five percent of the time in that TV film or miniseries.
Screening requirements
Active HFPA members need to be invited to an official screening of each eligible film directly by its respective distributor or publicist. The screening must take place in the Greater Los Angeles area, either before the film's release or up to one week afterwards. The screening can be a regular one in a theater with the public or a press screening; it does not need to be an HFPA member-only event. The screening must also be cleared with the Motion Picture Association of America so there are not scheduling conflicts with other official screening.
For TV programs, they must merely be available to be seen by HFPA members in any common format, such as the original TV broadcast.
Nominations and voting
Entry forms for films need to be received by the HFPA within ten days of the official screening. TV programs should be submitted "as early as possible" before the deadline.
As part of their regular journalistic jobs, active HFPA members will participate in covering the press conferences, and interviewing cast members, of selected films and TV programs. The film press conferences need to take place either before the film's release in the Greater Los Angeles area or up to one week afterwards.
Ballots to select the nominations are sent to HFPA members in November, along with a "Reminder List" of eligible film and TV programs. Each HFPA member then votes for their top five choices in each category, numbering them 5 to 1, with 5 being their top choice. The nominees in each category are then the five selections that receive the most votes. The ranked voting is only used to break ties, with number 5 worth 5 points, number 4 worth 4 points, and so on.
After the nominations are announced in mid-December, HFPA members receive the final ballots. The winner in each category is selected from among the nominees by plurality voting. In case of a tie, the winner is the one that had the most votes on the nomination ballot.
Ceremony
The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars and the Grammy Awards. Since 2010, it was televised live in all United States time zones. Until Ricky Gervais hosted in 2010, the award ceremony was one of two major Hollywood award ceremonies (the other being the Screen Actors Guild Awards) that did not have a regular host; every year a different presenter introduced the ceremony at the beginning of the broadcast. Gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2015. The Golden Globe Awards' theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi.
Since 1993, Dick Clark Productions has produced the ceremony with NBC as broadcaster; its involvement came at a time of instability for the Golden Globes, including reduced credibility and having lost its contract with CBS. Enthusiastic over Clark's commitment, the HFPA's contract contained an unusual provision granting Dick Clark Productions the role of producer in perpetuity, as long as it continued to maintain a broadcast rights deal for the ceremony with NBC.
In 2010, Dick Clark Productions reached an extension with NBC through 2018. However, the deal was negotiated without the HFPA's knowledge. The HFPA sued DCP over the deal, as well as claims that the company was attempting to sell digital rights that it did not hold; the HFPA had wanted a new contract that would grant them a larger share of revenue from the telecast. In April 2012, judge Howard Matz upheld the NBC perpetuity clause and ruled in favor of DCP, noting that the HFPA had a history of "unbusiness-like display[s] of misplaced priorities" and "[succumbing] to bouts of pronounced turmoil and personal feuds", in contrast to DCP, which had been "represented by one experienced executive who was adept at dealing fairly and effectively with the often amateurish conduct of HFPA." Matz pointed out examples of the HFPA's enthusiasm over the relationship and their desire to "not get cancelled", such as having disregarded its own bylaws by approving an extension in 2001 without a formal vote. The case was taken to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.
In 2014, Dick Clark Productions and the HFPA reached a settlement; details were not released, but DCP committed to continue its role as producer through at least the end of its current contract with NBC, and to work with the HFPA to "expand the brand with unique and exciting entertainment experiences". While NBC will hold a right of first refusal to renew its contract beyond 2018, the ceremony may be offered to other broadcasters.
2008 disruption
On January 7, 2008, it was announced that due to the 2007-2008 Writers Guild of America strike, the 65th Golden Globe Awards would not be telecast live. The ceremony was faced with a threat by striking writers to picket the event and by actors threatening to boycott the ceremony rather than cross picket lines. The Hollywood Foreign Press Association was forced to adopt another approach for the broadcast.
NBC originally had exclusive broadcast rights to the ceremonies, but on January 11, HFPA President Jorge Camara announced there would be no restrictions placed on media outlets covering the January 13 press conference, announcing the winners at 6:00pm PST. As a result, E!, CNN, the TV Guide Network and KNBC-TV, the network's Los Angeles owned-and-operated affiliate, aired the 31-minute event, emanating from the Grand Ballroom of the Beverly Hilton Hotel live, leaving NBC to fill the hour from 9:00-10:00pm ET with announcements, made after-the-fact by Access Hollywood hosts Billy Bush and Nancy O'Dell. The remaining hours of programming, set aside for the ceremonies by the network, were filled with a special two-hour edition of Dateline, hosted by Matt Lauer, that included film clips, interviews with some of the nominees and commentary from comedian Kathy Griffin and the panelists from Football Night in America.
Categories
Motion picture awards
- Best Motion Picture - Drama: since 1943 (separated in 1951)
- Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy: since 1951
- Best Director: since 1943
- Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama: since 1943 (separated in 1951)
- Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy: since 1951
- Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama: since 1943 (separated in 1951)
- Best Actress - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy: since 1951
- Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture: since 1943
- Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture: since 1943
- Best Screenplay: since 1947
- Best Original Score: since 1947
- Best Original Song: since 1961
- Best Foreign Language Film: since 1948
- Best Animated Feature Film: since 2006
- Cecil B. DeMille Award for Lifetime Achievement in Motion Pictures: since 1951
Television awards
- Best Drama Series: since 1962
- Best Comedy Series: since 1962
- Best Actor in a Television Drama Series: since 1961
- Best Actor in a Television Comedy Series: since 1961
- Best Actress in a Television Drama Series: since 1961
- Best Actress in a Television Comedy Series: since 1961
- Best Limited Series or Motion Picture made for Television: since 1971
- Best Actor in a Limited Series or Motion Picture made for Television: since 1981
- Best Actress in a Limited Series or Motion Picture made for Television: since 1981
- Best Supporting Actor in a Series, Limited Series or Motion Picture made for Television: since 1970
- Best Supporting Actress in a Series, Limited Series or Motion Picture made for Television: since 1970
Retired awards
- Best Documentary Film o Awarded from 1972 to 1976
- Best English-Language Foreign Film o Awarded from 1957 to 1973
- New Star of the Year - Actor o Awarded from 1948 to 1983
- New Star of the Year - Actress o Awarded from 1948 to 1983
- Henrietta Award (World Film Favorite - Female) o Awarded from 1950 to 1979
- Henrietta Award (World Film Favorite - Male) o Awarded from 1950 to 1979
- Best Film Promoting International Understanding o Awarded from 1945 to 1963
- Golden Globe Award for Best Cinematography o Awarded from 1948 to 1953, in 1955 and in 1963.
Superlatives
Acting
In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight. However, including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand tied this record with nine. Additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born), producing the Best Picture (Comedy/Musical) (A Star Is Born in the ceremony held in 1977), and directing Yentl in 1984. Jack Nicholson, Angela Lansbury, Alan Alda and Shirley MacLaine have six awards each. Behind them are Ed Asner, Rosalind Russell and Jessica Lange with five wins.
At the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred: a three way-tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama (Sigourney Weaver for Gorillas in the Mist, Jodie Foster for The Accused, and Shirley MacLaine for Madame Sousatzka).
Most Nominations
Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with thirty-one (as of the 2017 nominations) and John Williams is second with twenty-six.
Directing
In the category Best Director, Elia Kazan leads with four wins, followed by Clint Eastwood, Oliver Stone, Milo? Forman, David Lean and Martin Scorsese with three wins each. Steven Spielberg holds the record for most nominations with twelve (as of the 2017 nominations). Francis Ford Coppola, Clint Eastwood and Steven Soderbergh are the only directors to receive two nominations in the same year. As of the 75th Golden Globe Awards, Barbra Streisand is the only woman to have won in this category; she won for Yentl in 1983.
Two Acting Wins in Same Year
Only four people have won two acting awards in the same year:
- Sigourney Weaver (1989)
- Best Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama, Gorillas in the Mist
- Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture, Working Girl
- Joan Plowright (1993)
- Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture, Enchanted April
- Best Supporting Actress in a Series, Miniseries or TV Film, Stalin
- Helen Mirren (2007)
- Best Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama, The Queen
- Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film, Elizabeth I
- Kate Winslet (2009)
- Best Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama, Revolutionary Road
- Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture, The Reader
Other superlatives:
- Most awards won by a single film
- One film has won seven Golden Globe Awards.
- La La Land (2016)
- Two films have won six Golden Globe Awards.
- One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975)
- Midnight Express (1978)
- Four films have won five Golden Globe Awards.
- Doctor Zhivago (1965)
- Love Story (1970)
- The Godfather (1972)
- A Star Is Born (1976)
- One film has won seven Golden Globe Awards.
- Most nominations received by a single film
- Nashville, with nine nominations
- Highest Sweep (Winning every nominated category)
- La La Land won all seven Golden Globes that it was nominated for.
- One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest won all six of its nominations.
- Both Doctor Zhivago and A Star Is Born won all five that they were respectively nominated for.
- Most nominations without winning an award
- Motion Picture: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, Foul Play and The Godfather Part III, all with seven nominations.
- Television: Will & Grace with 29 nominations (as of the 75th Golden Globe Awards).
- Youngest person to win an award
- Ricky Schroder winning New Star of the Year - Actor in 1980 (9 years old).
- Oldest person to win an award
- Ennio Morricone winning Best Original Score for The Hateful Eight (87 years old).
Records
Film
Actors with two or more acting awards in motion pictures
Notes:
- D - indicates a winning role in Drama categories
- C/M - indicates a winning role in Comedy or Musical categories.
Actors with five or more acting nominations (motion picture)
Television
Actors with two or more acting awards on television
Notes:
- D - indicates a winning role in Drama categories
- C/M - indicates a winning role in Comedy or Musical categories.
- M/T - indicates a winning role in Miniseries or Television Film categories.
Actors with five or more acting nominations (television)
Criticism
1968-1974 NBC broadcast ban
The HFPA has had a lucrative contract with NBC for decades, which began broadcasting the award ceremony locally in Los Angeles in 1958, then nationally in 1964. However, in 1968, the Federal Communications Commission claimed the show "misled the public as to how the winners were determined" (allegations included that winners were determined by lobby; to motivate winners to show up to the awards ceremony winners were informed if they did not attend another winner would be named). The FCC admonished NBC for participating in the scandal. Subsequently, NBC refused to broadcast the ceremony from 1968 until after 1974.
Pia Zadora awarded "New Star of the Year in a Motion Picture" in 1982
In 1982, Pia Zadora won a Golden Globe in the category "New Star of the Year in a Motion Picture - Female" for her performance in Butterfly, over such competition as Elizabeth McGovern (Ragtime) and Kathleen Turner (Body Heat). Accusations were made that the Foreign Press Association members had been bought off. Zadora's husband, multimillionaire Meshulam Riklis, flew voting members to his casino, the Riviera Hotel in Las Vegas, which gave the appearance that they voted for Zadora to repay this. Riklis also invited voting members to his house for a lavish lunch and a showing of the film. He also spent a great deal on advertising. Furthermore, Zadora had made her film debut some 17 years earlier as a child performer in Santa Claus Conquers the Martians.
The Tourist for Best Musical/Comedy nominations in 2011
The nominations for the 2011 Globes drew initial skepticism, as the Hollywood Foreign Press Association nominated The Tourist in its Best Musical/Comedy category, although it was originally advertised as a spy thriller, and also one of the most panned films of the season with host Ricky Gervais even joking to main star of the film Johnny Depp if he had seen the movie. Rumors then surfaced that Sony, the distributor of The Tourist, had influenced Globes voters with an all-expenses-paid trip to Las Vegas, culminating in a concert by Cher.
See also
- List of Golden Globe Awards ceremonies
- List of Golden Globe Award winning films
- List of Golden Globe Award winners
- List of prizes, medals, and other awards
- Young Artist Award
References
External links
- Official Golden Globes website
- Awards listing at the Internet Movie Database
- Awards listing at Official Golden Globes website
Source of article : Wikipedia
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